- Polypropylene PPR Pipes
- Fiber Glass Three-Layer PPRC Fibre Pipes
- Polypropylene Socket Pipes for Internal Sewage
- Drip Irrigation Pipes
- Pipes PE 100
- Welded Fittings for PE 100 Pipes
- PPRC fittings
- Corrugated Pipes
- Single-Layer Corrugated Pipes
- Double-Layer Corrugated Pipes
- Double-Layer Corrugated Polypropylene Pipes
- Fittings for Corrugated Pipes
- Concentric and Eccentric Crossovers
- Spirally Rolled High-Pressure and Low-Pressure Pipes with a large diameter
- Cast Fittings for PE 100 Pipes
- PPH Sewage Fittings
 90º.png)
Welded Fittings for PE 100 Pipes
General information
PE 100 polyethylene welded fittings are adaptor fittings for polyethylene pipes made of PE 100 brand high-density polyethylene. These fittings are produced by welding polyethylene pipe cuts.
PE 100 polyethylene welded fittings are adaptor fittings for polyethylene pipes made of PE 100 brand high-density polyethylene.
These fittings are produced by welding polyethylene pipe cuts. PE 100 brand welded polyethylene fittings have following configurations and types: 15°, 22.5°, 30°, 45°, 60° and 90°.
PE 100 polyethylene welded fittings are designed for connecting and installing polyethylene pipes in areas where pipe direction changes: in elbows and separators, as well as where pipeline diameter changes. PE 100 polyethylene fittings are welded by butt weld.
Advantages:
- PE 100 polyethylene welded fittings are known for their chemical resistance, temperature change and deformation resistance;
- These fittings are not exposed to oxidization and can protect their durability within long-term period;
- The life cycle of PE 100 polyethylene welded fittings is 50 years that provides long-term and continuous usage of the pipes.
POLYETHYLENE T-JOINT (PE 100) 90º
 90º.png)
· # | Diameter, (mm) | Wall thickness, (mm) | Pressure resistance (atm.) |
1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 11. 12. 13. 14. 15. 16. 17. 18. 19. 20. 21. 22. 23. 24. 25. 26. 27. 28. 29. 30. 31. 32. 33. 34. 35. 36. 37. 38. 39. 40. 41. 42. 43. 44. 45. 46. 47. 48. 49. 50. 51. 52. 53. 54. 55. | 90 110 110 110 125 125 125 140 140 140 160 160 160 180 180 180 200 200 200 225 225 225 250 250 250 280 280 280 315 315 315 355 355 355 400 400 400 450 450 450 500 500 500 560 560 560 630 630 630 710 710 710 800 800 800 | 13.4 16.6 20.5 14.8 18.4 22.7 16.6 20.6 25.4 18.7 23.2 28.6 21.1 26.1 32.3 23.7 29.4 36.3 26.7 33.1 40.9 29.7 36.6 45.4 33.2 41.2 50.8 37.4 46.2 57.2 42.1 52.2 64.5 47.7 58.8 72.6 8.2 6.6 8.1 10.0 7.4 9.2 11.4 8.3 10.3 12.7 9.5 11.8 14.6 10.7 13.3 16.4 11.9 14.7 18.2 | 10.0 6.3 8.0 10.0 6.3 8.0 10.0 6.3 8.0 10.0 6.3 8.0 10.0 6.3 8.0 10.0 6.3 8.0 10.0 6.3 8.0 10.0 6.3 8.0 10.0 6.3 8.0 10.0 6.3 8.0 10.0 6.3 8.0 10.0 6.3 8.0 10.0 6.3 8.0 10.0 6.3 8.0 10.0 6.3 8.0 10.0 6.3 8.0 10.0 6.3 8.0 10.0 6.3 8.0 10.0 |
POLYETHYLENE ELBOW (PE 100) 15º
 15º.png)
# | Diameter, (mm) | Wall thickness, (mm) | Pressure resistance (atm.) |
1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 11. 12. 13. 14. 15. 16. 17. 18. 19. 20. 21. 22. 23. 24. 25. 26. 27. 28. 29. 30. 31. 32. 33. 34. 35. 36. 37 38. 39. 40. 41. 42. 43. 44. 45. 46. 47. 48. 49. 50. 51. 52. 53. 54. 55. 56. 57. 58. 59. 60. 61. 62. 63. 64. 65. 66. 67. 68. 69. 70. 71. 72. 73. 74. 75. 76. 77. 78. 79. 80. 81. 82. 83. 84 85. 86. 87. 88. 89. 90. | 110 110 110 110 110 125 125 125 125 125 140 140 140 140 140 160 160 160 160 160 180 180 180 180 180 200 200 200 200 200 225 225 225 225 225 250 250 250 250 250 280 280 280 280 280 315 315 315 315 315 355 355 355 355 355 400 400 400 400 400 450 450 450 450 450 500 500 500 500 500 560 560 560 560 560 630 630 630 630 630 710 710 710 710 710 800 800 800 800 800 | 4.2 5.3 6.6 8.1 10.0 4.8 6.0 7.4 9.2 11.4 5.4 6.7 8.3 10.3 12.7 6.2 7.7 9.5 11.8 14.6 6.9 8.6 10.7 13.3 16.4 7.7 9.6 11.9 14.7 18.2 8.6 10.8 13.4 16.6 20.5 9.6 11.9 14.8 18.4 22.7 10.7 13.4 16.6 20.6 25.4 12.1 15.0 18.7 23.2 28.6 13.6 16.9 21.1 26.1 32.3 15.3 19.1 23.7 29.4 36.3 15.3 21.5 26.7 33.1 40.9 19.1 23.9 29.7 36.6 45.4 21.4 26.7 33.2 41.2 50.8 24.1 30.0 37.4 46.2 57.2 27.2 33.9 42.1 52.2 64.5 30.6 38.1 47.7 58.8 72.6 | 5.0 6.3 8.0 10.0 12.5 5.0 6.3 8.0 10.0 12.5 5.0 6.3 8.0 10.0 12.5 5.0 6.3 8.0 10.0 12.5 5.0 6.3 8.0 10.0 12.5 5.0 6.3 8.0 10.0 12.5 5.0 6.3 8.0 10.0 12.5 5.0 6.3 8.0 10.0 12.5 5.0 6.3 8.0 10.0 12.5 5.0 6.3 8.0 10.0 12.5 5.0 6.3 8.0 10.0 12.5 5.0 6.3 8.0 10.0 12.5 5.0 6.3 8.0 10.0 12.5 5.0 6.3 8.0 10.0 12.5 5.0 6.3 8.0 10.0 12.5 5.0 6.3 8.0 10.0 12.5 5.0 6.3 8.0 10.0 12.5 5.0 6.3 8.0 10.0 12.5 |
POLYETHYLENE ELBOW (PE 100) 15º
# | Diameter, (mm) | Wall thickness, (mm) | Pressure resistance (atm.) |
1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 11. 12. 13. 14. 15. 16. 17. 18. 19. 20. 21. 22. 23. 24. 25. 26. 27. 28. 29. 30. 31. 32. 33. 34. 35. 36. 37 38. 39. 40. 41. 42. 43. 44. 45. 46. 47. 48. 49. 50. 51. 52. 53. 54. 55. 56. 57. 58. 59. 60. 61. 62. 63. 64. 65. 66. 67. 68. 69. 70. 71. 72. 73. 74. 75. 76. 77. 78. 79. 80. 81. 82. 83. 84 85. 86. 87. 88. 89. 90. | 110 110 110 110 110 125 125 125 125 125 140 140 140 140 140 160 160 160 160 160 180 180 180 180 180 200 200 200 200 200 225 225 225 225 225 250 250 250 250 250 280 280 280 280 280 315 315 315 315 315 355 355 355 355 355 400 400 400 400 400 450 450 450 450 450 500 500 500 500 500 560 560 560 560 560 630 630 630 630 630 710 710 710 710 710 800 800 800 800 800 | 4.2 5.3 6.6 8.1 10.0 4.8 6.0 7.4 9.2 11.4 5.4 6.7 8.3 10.3 12.7 6.2 7.7 9.5 11.8 14.6 6.9 8.6 10.7 13.3 16.4 7.7 9.6 11.9 14.7 18.2 8.6 10.8 13.4 16.6 20.5 9.6 11.9 14.8 18.4 22.7 10.7 13.4 16.6 20.6 25.4 12.1 15.0 18.7 23.2 28.6 13.6 16.9 21.1 26.1 32.3 15.3 19.1 23.7 29.4 36.3 15.3 21.5 26.7 33.1 40.9 19.1 23.9 29.7 36.6 45.4 21.4 26.7 33.2 41.2 50.8 24.1 30.0 37.4 46.2 57.2 27.2 33.9 42.1 52.2 64.5 30.6 38.1 47.7 58.8 72.6 | 5.0 6.3 8.0 10.0 12.5 5.0 6.3 8.0 10.0 12.5 5.0 6.3 8.0 10.0 12.5 5.0 6.3 8.0 10.0 12.5 5.0 6.3 8.0 10.0 12.5 5.0 6.3 8.0 10.0 12.5 5.0 6.3 8.0 10.0 12.5 5.0 6.3 8.0 10.0 12.5 5.0 6.3 8.0 10.0 12.5 5.0 6.3 8.0 10.0 12.5 5.0 6.3 8.0 10.0 12.5 5.0 6.3 8.0 10.0 12.5 5.0 6.3 8.0 10.0 12.5 5.0 6.3 8.0 10.0 12.5 5.0 6.3 8.0 10.0 12.5 5.0 6.3 8.0 10.0 12.5 5.0 6.3 8.0 10.0 12.5 5.0 6.3 8.0 10.0 12.5 |
 22,5º.png)
POLYETHYLENE ELBOW (PE 100) 22,5º
# | Diameter, (mm) | Wall thickness, (mm) | Pressure resistance (atm.) |
1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 11. 12. 13. 14. 15. 16. 17. 18. 19. 20. 21. 22. 23. 24. 25. 26. 27. 28. 29. 30. 31. 32. 33. 34. 35. 36. 37 38. 39. 40. 41. 42. 43. 44. 45. 46. 47. 48. 49. 50. 51. 52. 53. 54. 55. 56. 57. 58. 59. 60. 61. 62. 63. 64. 65. 66. 67. 68. 69. 70. 71. 72. 73. 74. 75. 76. 77. 78. 79. 80. 81. 82. 83. 84 85. 86. 87. 88. 89. 90. | 110 110 110 110 110 125 125 125 125 125 140 140 140 140 140 160 160 160 160 160 180 180 180 180 180 200 200 200 200 200 225 225 225 225 225 250 250 250 250 250 280 280 280 280 280 315 315 315 315 315 355 355 355 355 355 400 400 400 400 400 450 450 450 450 450 500 500 500 500 500 560 560 560 560 560 630 630 630 630 630 710 710 710 710 710 800 800 800 800 800 | 4.2 5.3 6.6 8.1 10.0 4.8 6.0 7.4 9.2 11.4 5.4 6.7 8.3 10.3 12.7 6.2 7.7 9.5 11.8 14.6 6.9 8.6 10.7 13.3 16.4 7.7 9.6 11.9 14.7 18.2 8.6 10.8 13.4 16.6 20.5 9.6 11.9 14.8 18.4 22.7 10.7 13.4 16.6 20.6 25.4 12.1 15.0 18.7 23.2 28.6 13.6 16.9 21.1 26.1 32.3 15.3 19.1 23.7 29.4 36.3 15.3 21.5 26.7 33.1 40.9 19.1 23.9 29.7 36.6 45.4 21.4 26.7 33.2 41.2 50.8 24.1 30.0 37.4 46.2 57.2 27.2 33.9 42.1 52.2 64.5 30.6 38.1 47.7 58.8 72.6 | 5.0 6.3 8.0 10.0 12.5 5.0 6.3 8.0 10.0 12.5 5.0 6.3 8.0 10.0 12.5 5.0 6.3 8.0 10.0 12.5 5.0 6.3 8.0 10.0 12.5 5.0 6.3 8.0 10.0 12.5 5.0 6.3 8.0 10.0 12.5 5.0 6.3 8.0 10.0 12.5 5.0 6.3 8.0 10.0 12.5 5.0 6.3 8.0 10.0 12.5 5.0 6.3 8.0 10.0 12.5 5.0 6.3 8.0 10.0 12.5 5.0 6.3 8.0 10.0 12.5 5.0 6.3 8.0 10.0 12.5 5.0 6.3 8.0 10.0 12.5 5.0 6.3 8.0 10.0 12.5 5.0 6.3 8.0 10.0 12.5 5.0 6.3 8.0 10.0 12.5 |
POLYEHYLENE ELBOW (PE 100) 30º
 30º.png)
# | Diameter, (mm) | Wall thickness, (mm) | Pressure resistance (atm.) |
1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 11. 12. 13. 14. 15. 16. 17. 18. 19. 20. 21. 22. 23. 24. 25. 26. 27. 28. 29. 30. 31. 32. 33. 34. 35. 36. 37 38. 39. 40. 41. 42. 43. 44. 45. 46. 47. 48. 49. 50. 51. 52. 53. 54. 55. 56. 57. 58. 59. 60. 61. 62. 63. 64. 65. 66. 67. 68. 69. 70. 71. 72. 73. 74. 75. 76. 77. 78. 79. 80. 81. 82. 83. 84 85. 86. 87. 88. 89. 90. | 110 110 110 110 110 125 125 125 125 125 140 140 140 140 140 160 160 160 160 160 180 180 180 180 180 200 200 200 200 200 225 225 225 225 225 250 250 250 250 250 280 280 280 280 280 315 315 315 315 315 355 355 355 355 355 400 400 400 400 400 450 450 450 450 450 500 500 500 500 500 560 560 560 560 560 630 630 630 630 630 710 710 710 710 710 800 800 800 800 800 | 4.2 5.3 6.6 8.1 10.0 4.8 6.0 7.4 9.2 11.4 5.4 6.7 8.3 10.3 12.7 6.2 7.7 9.5 11.8 14.6 6.9 8.6 10.7 13.3 16.4 7.7 9.6 11.9 14.7 18.2 8.6 10.8 13.4 16.6 20.5 9.6 11.9 14.8 18.4 22.7 10.7 13.4 16.6 20.6 25.4 12.1 15.0 18.7 23.2 28.6 13.6 16.9 21.1 26.1 32.3 15.3 19.1 23.7 29.4 36.3 15.3 21.5 26.7 33.1 40.9 19.1 23.9 29.7 36.6 45.4 21.4 26.7 33.2 41.2 50.8 24.1 30.0 37.4 46.2 57.2 27.2 33.9 42.1 52.2 64.5 30.6 38.1 47.7 58.8 72.6 | 5.0 6.3 8.0 10.0 12.5 5.0 6.3 8.0 10.0 12.5 5.0 6.3 8.0 10.0 12.5 5.0 6.3 8.0 10.0 12.5 5.0 6.3 8.0 10.0 12.5 5.0 6.3 8.0 10.0 12.5 5.0 6.3 8.0 10.0 12.5 5.0 6.3 8.0 10.0 12.5 5.0 6.3 8.0 10.0 12.5 5.0 6.3 8.0 10.0 12.5 5.0 6.3 8.0 10.0 12.5 5.0 6.3 8.0 10.0 12.5 5.0 6.3 8.0 10.0 12.5 5.0 6.3 8.0 10.0 12.5 5.0 6.3 8.0 10.0 12.5 5.0 6.3 8.0 10.0 12.5 5.0 6.3 8.0 10.0 12.5 5.0 6.3 8.0 10.0 12.5 |
POLYETHYLENE ELBOW (PE 100) 45º
 45º.png)
# | Diameter, (mm) | Wall thickness, (mm) | Pressure resistance (atm.) |
1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 11. 12. 13. 14. 15. 16. 17. 18. 19. 20. 21. 22. 23. 24. 25. 26. 27. 28. 29. 30. 31. 32. 33. 34. 35. 36. 37 38. 39. 40. 41. 42. 43. 44. 45. 46. 47. 48. 49. 50. 51. 52. 53. 54. 55. 56. 57. 58. 59. 60. 61. 62. 63. 64. 65. 66. 67. 68. 69. 70. 71. 72. 73. 74. 75. 76. 77. 78. 79. 80. 81. 82. 83. 84 85. 86. 87. 88. 89. 90. | 110 110 110 110 110 125 125 125 125 125 140 140 140 140 140 160 160 160 160 160 180 180 180 180 180 200 200 200 200 200 225 225 225 225 225 250 250 250 250 250 280 280 280 280 280 315 315 315 315 315 355 355 355 355 355 400 400 400 400 400 450 450 450 450 450 500 500 500 500 500 560 560 560 560 560 630 630 630 630 630 710 710 710 710 710 800 800 800 800 800 | 4.2 5.3 6.6 8.1 10.0 4.8 6.0 7.4 9.2 11.4 5.4 6.7 8.3 10.3 12.7 6.2 7.7 9.5 11.8 14.6 6.9 8.6 10.7 13.3 16.4 7.7 9.6 11.9 14.7 18.2 8.6 10.8 13.4 16.6 20.5 9.6 11.9 14.8 18.4 22.7 10.7 13.4 16.6 20.6 25.4 12.1 15.0 18.7 23.2 28.6 13.6 16.9 21.1 26.1 32.3 15.3 19.1 23.7 29.4 36.3 15.3 21.5 26.7 33.1 40.9 19.1 23.9 29.7 36.6 45.4 21.4 26.7 33.2 41.2 50.8 24.1 30.0 37.4 46.2 57.2 27.2 33.9 42.1 52.2 64.5 30.6 38.1 47.7 58.8 72.6 | 5.0 6.3 8.0 10.0 12.5 5.0 6.3 8.0 10.0 12.5 5.0 6.3 8.0 10.0 12.5 5.0 6.3 8.0 10.0 12.5 5.0 6.3 8.0 10.0 12.5 5.0 6.3 8.0 10.0 12.5 5.0 6.3 8.0 10.0 12.5 5.0 6.3 8.0 10.0 12.5 5.0 6.3 8.0 10.0 12.5 5.0 6.3 8.0 10.0 12.5 5.0 6.3 8.0 10.0 12.5 5.0 6.3 8.0 10.0 12.5 5.0 6.3 8.0 10.0 12.5 5.0 6.3 8.0 10.0 12.5 5.0 6.3 8.0 10.0 12.5 5.0 6.3 8.0 10.0 12.5 5.0 6.3 8.0 10.0 12.5 5.0 6.3 8.0 10.0 12.5 |
POLYETHYLENE ELBOW (PE 100) 60º
 60º.png)
# | Diameter, (mm) | Wall thickness, (mm) | Pressure resistance (atm.) |
1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 11. 12. 13. 14. 15. 16. 17. 18. 19. 20. 21. 22. 23. 24. 25. 26. 27. 28. 29. 30. 31. 32. 33. 34. 35. 36. 37 38. 39. 40. 41. 42. 43. 44. 45. 46. 47. 48. 49. 50. 51. 52. 53. 54. 55. 56. 57. 58. 59. 60. 61. 62. 63. 64. 65. 66. 67. 68. 69. 70. 71. 72. 73. 74. 75. 76. 77. 78. 79. 80. 81. 82. 83. 84 85. 86. 87. 88. 89. 90. | 110 110 110 110 110 125 125 125 125 125 140 140 140 140 140 160 160 160 160 160 180 180 180 180 180 200 200 200 200 200 225 225 225 225 225 250 250 250 250 250 280 280 280 280 280 315 315 315 315 315 355 355 355 355 355 400 400 400 400 400 450 450 450 450 450 500 500 500 500 500 560 560 560 560 560 630 630 630 630 630 710 710 710 710 710 800 800 800 800 800 | 4.2 5.3 6.6 8.1 10.0 4.8 6.0 7.4 9.2 11.4 5.4 6.7 8.3 10.3 12.7 6.2 7.7 9.5 11.8 14.6 6.9 8.6 10.7 13.3 16.4 7.7 9.6 11.9 14.7 18.2 8.6 10.8 13.4 16.6 20.5 9.6 11.9 14.8 18.4 22.7 10.7 13.4 16.6 20.6 25.4 12.1 15.0 18.7 23.2 28.6 13.6 16.9 21.1 26.1 32.3 15.3 19.1 23.7 29.4 36.3 15.3 21.5 26.7 33.1 40.9 19.1 23.9 29.7 36.6 45.4 21.4 26.7 33.2 41.2 50.8 24.1 30.0 37.4 46.2 57.2 27.2 33.9 42.1 52.2 64.5 30.6 38.1 47.7 58.8 72.6 | 5.0 6.3 8.0 10.0 12.5 5.0 6.3 8.0 10.0 12.5 5.0 6.3 8.0 10.0 12.5 5.0 6.3 8.0 10.0 12.5 5.0 6.3 8.0 10.0 12.5 5.0 6.3 8.0 10.0 12.5 5.0 6.3 8.0 10.0 12.5 5.0 6.3 8.0 10.0 12.5 5.0 6.3 8.0 10.0 12.5 5.0 6.3 8.0 10.0 12.5 5.0 6.3 8.0 10.0 12.5 5.0 6.3 8.0 10.0 12.5 5.0 6.3 8.0 10.0 12.5 5.0 6.3 8.0 10.0 12.5 5.0 6.3 8.0 10.0 12.5 5.0 6.3 8.0 10.0 12.5 5.0 6.3 8.0 10.0 12.5 5.0 6.3 8.0 10.0 12.5 |
POLYETHYLENE ELBOW (PE 100) 90º
# | Diameter, (mm) | Wall thickness, (mm) | Pressure resistance (atm.) |
1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 11. 12. 13. 14. 15. 16. 17. 18. 19. 20. 21. 22. 23. 24. 25. 26. 27. 28. 29. 30. 31. 32. 33. 34. 35. 36. 37 38. 39. 40. 41. 42. 43. 44. 45. 46. 47. 48. 49. 50. 51. 52. 53. 54. 55. 56. 57. 58. 59. 60. 61. 62. 63. 64. 65. 66. 67. 68. 69. 70. 71. 72. 73. 74. 75. 76. 77. 78. 79. 80. 81. 82. 83. 84 85. 86. 87. 88. 89. 90. | 110 110 110 110 110 125 125 125 125 125 140 140 140 140 140 160 160 160 160 160 180 180 180 180 180 200 200 200 200 200 225 225 225 225 225 250 250 250 250 250 280 280 280 280 280 315 315 315 315 315 355 355 355 355 355 400 400 400 400 400 450 450 450 450 450 500 500 500 500 500 560 560 560 560 560 630 630 630 630 630 710 710 710 710 710 800 800 800 800 800 | 4.2 5.3 6.6 8.1 10.0 4.8 6.0 7.4 9.2 11.4 5.4 6.7 8.3 10.3 12.7 6.2 7.7 9.5 11.8 14.6 6.9 8.6 10.7 13.3 16.4 7.7 9.6 11.9 14.7 18.2 8.6 10.8 13.4 16.6 20.5 9.6 11.9 14.8 18.4 22.7 10.7 13.4 16.6 20.6 25.4 12.1 15.0 18.7 23.2 28.6 13.6 16.9 21.1 26.1 32.3 15.3 19.1 23.7 29.4 36.3 15.3 21.5 26.7 33.1 40.9 19.1 23.9 29.7 36.6 45.4 21.4 26.7 33.2 41.2 50.8 24.1 30.0 37.4 46.2 57.2 27.2 33.9 42.1 52.2 64.5 30.6 38.1 47.7 58.8 72.6 | 5.0 6.3 8.0 10.0 12.5 5.0 6.3 8.0 10.0 12.5 5.0 6.3 8.0 10.0 12.5 5.0 6.3 8.0 10.0 12.5 5.0 6.3 8.0 10.0 12.5 5.0 6.3 8.0 10.0 12.5 5.0 6.3 8.0 10.0 12.5 5.0 6.3 8.0 10.0 12.5 5.0 6.3 8.0 10.0 12.5 5.0 6.3 8.0 10.0 12.5 5.0 6.3 8.0 10.0 12.5 5.0 6.3 8.0 10.0 12.5 5.0 6.3 8.0 10.0 12.5 5.0 6.3 8.0 10.0 12.5 5.0 6.3 8.0 10.0 12.5 5.0 6.3 8.0 10.0 12.5 5.0 6.3 8.0 10.0 12.5 5.0 6.3 8.0 10.0 12.5 |
Note: DN 900, 1000, 1200 diameter welded fittings are produced by special order.
